Natural Hazard in IN Earthquake
Natural Hazard in IN Earthquake
Section titled “Natural Hazard in IN Earthquake”2020-11-09 14:13:03
- 27 states and UT are disaster prone, 58.6% area prone to earthquake, over 40mil hectare prone to floods, 5700 km coastline prone to cyclones and tsunamis, 68% ar vulnerable to droughts
Earthquake
Section titled “Earthquake”- Magnitude in Richter, Intensity in Mercalli scale
Consequence -
Section titled “Consequence -”- Primary damage : to human settlement, buildings, structures, infra
- Secondary : ex fires, dams, landslides, tsunami, chemical spills et
- Tertiary : ex PTSD, long term psychological issues, loss of livelihood etc
Mitigation
Section titled “Mitigation”- Emphasis on preparedness, mitigation
- Earthquake monitoring centre, Vulnerability map disseminate risk info, planning, upgrade imp buildings through retrofitting, community preparedness public education, soil type analysed and structure be engineered
- Encourage indigenous methods - ex Bhonga in Kutch, Dhajji Diwari in JK, Eka in Assam #important
- Quick and effective response
- National Earthquake Risk mitigation Project by NDMA, National Building Code
- Challenges to Mitigation - inadequate enforcement, absence of earthquake resistant feature, lack of formal training, lack of awareness, absence of sys of licensing
NDMA Guidelines
Section titled “NDMA Guidelines”- Seismically safe design be ensured by C and S
- Selective seismic strengthening, retrofitting of existing structures - buildings of national imp, critical buildings, public utility structures, etc
- Regulation and enforcement by S gov
- Awareness and preparedness through handbooks on earthquake safety, seismic safety manuals, manual on structural safety audit
- Capacity development among target groups ex elected reps, gov officials, professionals, NGOs etc
- Emergency response undertaken through Incident Command system