Society, Culture and Literature

2020-04-27 12:28:50

Vijayanagara Empire

$ Writings of Abdur Razzak, Conti, Barbosa, Nuniz, Paes
$ AR : situated near steep mts circumference is 60 miles enclose valleys, 90000 men fit to bear arms.
- Sent to Deva Raya’s court by Shah Rukh of Khorasan,
$ Paes : lofty gates to be passed before entering city, hills surround city, strong walls, stocked with provisions, cannot be seen fully from one place, diamonds are prominent, fabulous amount of men
Hindus bulk of pop, large no of Muslims, EU traders, religious tolerance, caste sys deeply rooted
Brahmins high esteem acted as minsiters advisors
- Nuniz : honest men, very acute, not fit for hard work.
  - Also talks about canarese worshipping cows, other animals, demons in pagodas, monkeys are revered
Landed aristorcracy, business men, brahmins were well off
- AR : jewellers sell publicly, shops were contiguos, monogamy practiced, sati prevalent.
$ Conti : King followed by 12000, 4000 on foot employed sole for kitchen purposes
~ General condition of women said to be good, upper middle class Wo received higher educaiton, state craft, women wrestlers, astrologers, soothsayers, clerks, accountants. #PrelimsPYQ
- Nuniz : Women scholars, writers, poets, musicians, singers, judges, bailiffs, watchmen
- Child marriage was common
- AR : existence of brothels
Nuniz : kings eat all sorts of things but not flesh of cows and oxens

Renaissance in Sanskrit, Dev of Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malyalam
! Bukka Rai rehabilitated H religious cultural institutions, H scholars flocked to his court
Scholars, saints, men of letters, artists worked in harmony to produce synthetic culture of south IN - greatest cultural achievement of V empire
Sayana Sanskrit scholar rewrote commentary on 4 Vedas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas.
Krishna Dev Raya scholar of Sanskrit, Tamil welcomed talent of all kinds gave patronage, age called - Dawn of new era in literary history of S IN
- he wrote Amuktamalyada book
- Tamil literature was produced by Shaivites, Vaishnavites, Jain scholars - comprised of translations, commentaries etc
Meykandar wrote Shiva Nana Bodam treatise on sutras
Shiva Nana Sittiyar of Arunandi
Svarupananda Desikar, Tattuvarayar wrote on advaita philo
Velliyambala Tambiran wrote Nana Bharana Vilakham
Poyyamoli wrote Tanjai Vanam Kovai Secular literature
Pugalendi wrote Nalavemba Secular lit
Bharatam of Villiputturar prepared Mahabarat in Tamil