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Khilafat Movement

2020-04-27 15:18:55


  • August 31,1920 Khilafat Committee started a campaign of non-cooperation and the NCM was formally launched
  • September ==1920 at a special session in Calcutta== Congress approved a non-cooperation programme till the Punjab and Khilafat wrongs were removed and swaraj was established
  • Movt was led by Shaukat Ali, but the President of the Committee was Gandhiji
  • Opportunity to unite H + M
  • New M leadership away from loyalists and was was nonelitist
  • Muslim self-affirmation + IN nationalism were similar goals for both communities
  • Other reasons were
    • Muslim univ campaign for making it affiliating body rejected
    • Part of Bengal annulled
  • Ulama emerged as new political force Darul Uloom, Firangi Mahal
  • Anti-Cong, pro Gov stance changed
  • Demands
    • Khalifa retain control Muslim holy places
    • Left w/ pre-war territories
    • Arabia, Syria, Iraq, Palestine must not under non-Muslim sovreignty

Gail Minault : K issue used as symbol, leaders not had political realities of middle east

  • 2 trends
    • Moderate - Bombay merchants
    • Radical - Shaukat and Muhammad Ali, Maulana Azad

  1. “M.K Gandhi made a gross mistake in championing the Khilafat cause, an extra-territorial issue which cut at the very roots of Indian nationality.” Critically examine. [2014, 10m]