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Factors Leading to the Birth of Indian Nationalism

Factors Leading to the Birth of Indian Nationalism

Section titled “Factors Leading to the Birth of Indian Nationalism”

2020-04-26 19:38:18

Schools of Thought

Section titled “Schools of Thought”

Nationalist School

Section titled “Nationalist School”
  • National consciousness subsumed all other forms,
  • common antipathy towards colonial rule,
  • ignore inner conflicts

Neo-traditionalist School

Section titled “Neo-traditionalist School”
  • politicisation dev along traditional social formations like linguistic regions, castes, religious community.
  • Catalyst for change were western ed and political rep

Cambridge School

Section titled “Cambridge School”
  • series of local movt, weak,
  • interest groups who wanted favour of colonisers,
  • leaders were self-seeking,
  • patron-client relationship,
  • competition-collaboration syndrome

Marxist

Section titled “Marxist”
  • explain terms of economic dev,
  • rise of industrial capitalism, market society, bourgeois leadership neglected interest of masses
  • ex RP Dutt, VI Pavlov, SN Mukherjee, Sumit Sarkar, Bipan Chandra

    • Sumit Sarkar - 2 level of struggle elite and populist

Subaltern

Section titled “Subaltern”
  • Ranajit Guha, contribution of people real nationalism,

Factors that Led to Dev of Indian Nationalism

Section titled “Factors that Led to Dev of Indian Nationalism”
  • Western Edu made public critical, uneven social impact, more in upper caste - were more politically articulate
  • Newspapers 150,000 subscribers late 1875 and Modern Press > SR Mehrotra : NP broke down internal barriers, encourages inter regional solidarity
  • Gov regulation viz Lex loci act, Income tax 1860, Councils Act 1861 led to administrative unification.
    • limited inclusion of IN, 1870 cut funding Eng edu in Bengal led to unified protests.
    • 1876 lower age to sit in civil service exam
    • 1876 Vernacular press act gag press by Lytton
    • Arms act 1878
    • Ilbert bill controversy
    • Age of consent act 1891
  • Organisation like Indian Asso, Bombay Asso, Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, Madras Native Asso, Madras Mahajan Sabha
    • SN Mukherjee - Dals led by Dalapatis/ absentee landlords effective in countryside for social contol
    • Caste, communal asso
  • Educated professional leadership - mostly upper caste/class.
  • Asso w/ defence of Hindu religion.
  • Impact of British rule : modernisation that was brought by them -> growth of IN nationalism.
  • Political Unity of India caused due to conquest of carried by Br. Common laws, institutions, subjection imposed political unity.
  • Dev of rapid transport and communication viz Railways, Post Offices etc.
  • Influence of historical research by scholars like Max Muller, Monier William, Roth Session. Excavation by Cunnigham, Marshall -> gave psychological boost.
  • Impact of contemporary European movt against Spanish and Portugues empire. Greece, Italy, Ireland stirred emotion of Indians.
  • Lord Lyttons Reactionary Policies.
  • Economic Exploitation and Racialism

![[10.1 Constitutional Development between 1858-1935#Ilbert Bill Controversy 1883-1884]]

  • #todo

Tagore’s Nationalism :

  • #todo