Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Chemistry
Section titled “Environmental Chemistry”Created : 2022-03-02 12:05
Tropospheric Pollution
Section titled “Tropospheric Pollution”- It is a type of Atmospheric pollution.
- Troposphere is region of strong air movement and cloud formation.
- Gaseous air pollutants are oxides of sulphur, nitrogen and carbon, hydrogen sulphide, hydrocarbons, ozone and other oxidants.
- particulate matters are dust, mist, fumes, smoke, smog etc.
- Oxides of Sulphur : High conc of $SO_2$ causes stiffness of flower buds and its eventually falling from the plant. But the presence of particulate matter catalyses $SO_2$ to $SO_3$.
- Oxides of Nitrogen : High conc of $NO_2$ damage leaves of plants and retard the rate of photosynthesis. It is a lung irritant causing respiratory problems in children, harmful to living tissues along with verious textile fibres and metals.
- Hydrocarbons : Are carcinogenic also causes againg, breakdown of tissues and shedding of leaves, flowers and twigs in plants.
- Oxides of Carbon : $CO$ is mainly released by automobiles, domestic fuel etc. They bind with haemoglobin to form Carboxyhaemoglobin when this reaches 3-4% oxygen carrying capacity of blood is greatly reduced.
- Carbon Dioxide : $CO_2$ is confined only to troposphere forms 0.03% of total vol of atmosphere. Causes global warming.
- Global warming is when gases such as $CO_2$, $CH_4$, CFCs, $O_3$, Nitrous oxide, water vapour etc. traps the heat that is radiated back by the Earth increasing its temp.
- [[3.1 Climate Change and Impact on India#Acid Rain]]
- Particulate Pollutants : minute solid particles or liquid droplets. Viable pollutants are bacteria, fungi, moulds, algae etc.
- Non viable are smoke, dust over 1 mico meter in diameter ex pulverised coal, cement and fly ash from factories. Mists that are produced by particles of spray liquids and condensation of vapurs in air.
Stratospheric Pollution
Section titled “Stratospheric Pollution”- Another type of Atmospheric pollution.