The Lodhis

2020-04-27 12:26:16

After Timur’s Invasion the Governor of Multan Khizr Khan was appt head of Delhi.
After the return of Tughlaq sultan he fled and set up a new Sayyid dynasty.
Sayyids seeked Bahlul’s help against Jaunpur and Khokars of punjab.
BL estd himself in Punjab and took over Delhi.
@ BL invited farmers of Roh to India who came like locusts says Abbas Sarwani -> changed the complexion of Muslim society in India.

established by Bahlul Lodhi, were Aghans in 1451
~ reached its zenith under Sikandar Lodhi
After his death the empire was divided between Jalal Khan Lodhi and Ibriahim Lodi.
Jalal was imprisoned in Gwalior but he escaped before being captured by Gond tribals.
His escape made Ibrahim suspicious of the old nobles
He started to put his favorites in key positions making old nobles and his kin like Daulat Khan, Alam Khan etc to conspire against him with Babur.

Contemporary of Mahmud Begarha, Rana Sanga.
Reaffirmed supremacy of Sultan over his nobles, who had to submit accounts of his jagirs regularly.
~ Drastic punishments for those who embezzled money or were corrupt.
Estd efficient administration in his kingdom w/ emphasis on justice. Roads were cleared from robbers and bandits.
Prices of goods were cheap.
~ Abolished Octroid tax, estd new measurement of yard called Gaz i Sikandari.
Rent rolls or Jama prepared in his time formed basis of Sher Shah’s jama.
@ Regarded as Orthodox sometimes even bigoted king. Reimposed Jiziya, Women could not visit grave or saints. Demolished temples at Nagarkot.
Gave liberal grants to scholars, philosophers etc. No of Sanskrit works were translated into Persian.
Estd city of Agra in 1506.

Afghan monarchy was primarily tribal in nature.
King was first among equals, nobles enjoyed complete local autonomy except for military serivce.
& A change in this was brought by Sikandar Lodi, he demanded obesience from nobles who were treated like servants.
Aghans however continued to assume high titles like Khan i Jahan, Khan i Khanan, Anam Humayun and Khan i Azam.
This centralisation process was accelarated under Ibrahim.
This led to dissatisfaction among nobles.

@ The practice of audits was introduced by Sikandar to check accounts of Muqtas and Walis. He also reorganised the intelligence system.
Mubarak Khan governor of Jaunpur and Khwaja Asgar were charged for corruption.
Charity houses to dispense financial aids etc was opened in Delhi.
Scholar, poets and Educational institutions were organised.
There was a ban on any other language except Persian in gov offices.

#important

Sikandar adopted a definite agri development policy because the empire was landlocked.
He prohibited the system of begar to encourage agriculture.
States share was 1/3rd and official who collected it were Patwari, Khots and Muqqadams
Zakat was abolished.
There were 3 modes of revenue assessment Crop Sharing (batai), measurement (zabt) and appraisal (Kankut).
He introduced the Gaz i Sikandari as a standard of measurement.